Wikipedia.org, the free encyclopedia, defines Search Engine Optimization (SEO) as:
Search engine optimization (SEO) as a subset of search engine
marketing seeks to improve the number and quality of visitors to a web
site from "natural" ("organic" or "algorithmic") search results. The
quality of visitor traffic can be measured by how often a visitor using
a specific keyword leads to a desired conversion action, such as making
a purchase or requesting further information. In effect, SEO is
marketing by appealing first to machine algorithms to increase search
engine relevance and secondly to human visitors. The term SEO can also
refer to "search engine optimizers", an industry of consultants who
carry out optimization projects on behalf of clients.
Search engine optimization is available as a stand-alone
service or as a part of a larger marketing campaign. Because SEO often
requires making changes to the source code of a site, it is often most
effective when incorporated into the initial development and design of
a site, leading to the use of the term "Search Engine Friendly" to
describe designs, menus, Content management systems and shopping carts
that can be optimized easily and effectively.
A range of strategies and techniques are employed in SEO,
including changes to a site's code (referred to as "on page factors")
and getting links from other sites (referred to as "off page factors").
These techniques include two broad categories: techniques that search
engines recommend as part of good design, and those techniques that
search engines do not approve of and attempt to minimize the effect of,
referred to as spamdexing. Some industry commentators classify these
methods, and the practitioners who utilize them, as either "white hat
SEO" or "black hat SEO". Other SEOs reject the black and white hat
dichotomy as an over-simplification.
"White hat" methods
An SEO tactic, technique or method is considered "White hat" if
it conforms to the search engines' guidelines and/or involves no
deception. As the search engine guidelines are not written as a series
of rules or commandments, this is an important distinction to note.
White Hat SEO is not just about following guidelines, but is about
ensuring that the content a search engine indexes and subsequently
ranks is the same content a user will see.
White Hat advice is generally summed up as creating content for
users, not for search engines, and then make that content easily
accessible to their spiders, rather than game the system. In many ways,
white hat SEO is very similar to web development that promotes
accessibility, although the two are not identical.
"Black hat" methods
"Black hat" SEO are methods to try to improve rankings that are
disapproved of by the search engines and/or involve deception. This can
range from text that is "hidden", either as text colored similar to the
background or in an invisible or left of visible div, or by redirecting
users from a page that is built for search engines to one that is more
human friendly. As a general rule, a method that sends a user to a page
that was different from the page the search engine ranked is Black hat.
One well known example is Cloaking, the practice of serving one version
of a page to search engine spiders/bots and another version to human
visitors.
Search engines can and do penalize sites they discover using
black hat methods, either by reducing their rankings or eliminating
their listings from their databases altogether. Such penalties can be
applied either automatically by the search engines' algorithms, or by a
manual review of a site.
Meta Tag Basics
There are a few basic "rules" for good Meta tag data.
- The Title, Description and Keyword tags are the basic tags to begin an SEO foundation.
- For best SEO, you want every public page to have its own Title
and Description tags, using the highly relevant keywords for the page.
The value of every page having its own custom Keyword tag is debatable,
however, if your pages are very different with a lot of unique keywords
that won't apply to other site pages, then it would be a good bet to
give each unique page its own Keyword tag, too.
- You want to be sure that you do not over-use the same
keywords. The total use of keywords is considered by the search
engines, counting all three tags together. So be careful to not repeat
a keyword more than three or four times. More than that can be
considered keyword spamming by some search engines, and can be
penalized.
- The "big three" have descending importance. For instance, use
your strongest, most important keywords in the Title tag, then get what
you can into the Description tag, as these receive the most use. This
also applies within each tag. Use the most important words at the
beginning of the tag.
- Best way to start building your tags? Figure out the best
keywords for your site page. List search terms you would like new
visitors to use to find your Web page, check the search popularity of
the words/terms, and look at your competitor's sites and see what their
tags say, and how they rank in the search engines. This will all help
you build a short list of highly relevant keywords and search phrases.
Once you have the list, prioritize the words/phrases by importance,
whether it is your importance or by search popularity is up to you. Use
the very best ones in your Title tag and work your way down the
priority list.
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